This article examines the microscopic features of HPV-related nonkeratinizing squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx, a subtype of head and neck cancer with better prognosis and survival. It also explores the correlation between HPV infection, p16 expression, and patient outcome. The article is based on a retrospective study of 103 cases and provides useful insights for pathologists and The phrase "endocervical cells present" simply means that your doctor sampled cells from the inside of your cervix during the Pap smear. The phrase "squamous metaplastic cells present Patients with discordant oropharyngeal cancer (p16-/HPV+ or p16+/HPV-) had a significantly worse prognosis than patients with p16+/HPV+ oropharyngeal cancer, and a significantly better prognosis than patients with p16-/HPV- oropharyngeal cancer. Along with routine p16 immunohistochemistry, HPV testing should be mandated for clinical trials for all patients (or at least following a In a recent study, the authors compared the results of HPV-16 in situ hybridization and p16 IHC in 256 cases of HNSCC; 71.2% cases were HPV-16 positive and all cases showed p16 staining. They reported sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of p16 in relation to HPV infection as 100%, 74%, 9%, and 100% One observational study of 233 patients with AJCC seventh edition stage III/IV oropharyngeal carcinoma treated with either surgery or radiation included a cohort of 51 patients with HPV associated (p16 positive) disease . Among the 139 patients who underwent surgery, 95 (68 percent) received adjuvant chemoradiotherapy; among the 94 patients Metastatic oropharyngeal cancers (back of the tongue, soft palate, and tonsils) include stage IVC p16/HPV-negative cancers and stage IV p16/HPV-positive cancers that have spread to other parts of the body, such as the lungs. These cancers are usually treated with chemo , cetuximab, or both. Immunotherapy, alone or with chemo, might be another .

what does p16 positive mean